Who was Gala Placidia? What do we know about this powerful and determined woman? Daughter, sister and mother of empresses, Gala Placidia takes the reins of the Empire at a time of acute economic, political and social crisis. It was the beginning of the 5th century and the days of the Western Empire were already …
Ancient philosophy can be divided into different stages. The philosophers before Socrates are called “pre-Socratics” and are known to move from myths, which were the means of explaining and apprehending the world at the time, to logos, which is based on the use of reason to the search for the truth. Parmenides was born in …
Dora Maria Kalff was a psychologist, follower of Carl Jung’s model of analytical psychology and also child psychiatrist Margarita Lowenfeld. and his world-class technique, so his way of working in psychotherapy was based on the development of a non-verbal space that allows the expression of the unconscious in a free way. Moreover, he became popular …
The psychologist Ulric Neisser stood out for being an important figure in cognitive psychologybeing even considered the father of this branch of psychology. Although his first intention was to study physics, he soon realized that what really interested him was psychology. So, after completing his doctorate, he began to work as a teacher of this …
Considered the greatest physicist since the days of Isaac Newton and the stereotypical appearance of a scientist, Albert Einstein is the first person that comes to mind when talking about science. Originally from Germany and raised in a Jewish family, his early childhood was that of a boy who didn’t seem as smart as he …
The greatest invention that the 18th century could offer the world was the one that changed everything, a device that marked the before and after of industrial production and contributed to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution: the steam engine. It was originally made by a certain Thomas Newcomen in 1712, but it wasn’t until …
Melanie Klein is one of the main representatives of psychoanalysis. Although an admirer of Sigmund Freud, her way of conceiving psychoanalytic therapy led her to bring out her own current within this great discipline: Kleinism. With an extremely difficult personal life, Melanie Klein knew how to face adversity and become one of the leading figures …
Vere Gordon Childe was an Australian archaeologist who helped take archeology seriously as an independent science instead of being seen as just an auxiliary science. His work has made it possible to understand the cultural evolution of prehistoric human beings, as well as to contribute to the idea that it is in contact with different …
Giordano Bruno was a man of great knowledge and a wandering life due to his beliefs and theories about religion, physics and astronomy. He was born in Renaissance Italy, but had the opportunity to visit France, England, the Holy Roman Empire, and Switzerland, meeting great personalities and arguing with them on more than one occasion. …
Claudius Ptolemy was a Greek astronomer, mathematician, and geographer born in Egypt when the country was a Roman province. The contributions of this scientist were crucial, especially during the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance. Not much is known about Ptolemy’s life, but some of his works transcended him, especially thanks to medieval …
Hendrik Antoon Lorentz is one of the most important scientists in the recent history of the Netherlands, with discoveries which contributed to physics as we know it today and which influenced such illustrious figures as Albert Einstein and Ernest Rutherford. Widely devoted to both science and language, Lorentz contributed to the scientific landscape of his …
Gilbert Newton Lewis, an American national, was one of the most influential physical chemists of the 20th century. This scientist spent most of his career as a professor and researcher at the University of California (Berkeley), having to take a break for a few years when he was recruited to assist the United States Army …
Considered one of the founding fathers of thermodynamics, Rudolf Clausius is one of the most eminent figures not only of German physics of the 19th century, but also of European science of his century. Very gifted in both physics and mathematics, he was an example to be followed by other scientists like the Scottish James …
Ralph W. Tyler was considered one of the most important educators in the United States in the 20th century, thanks to his work and research in the field of education in his country, highlighting his curriculum model which will be explained in this article. Tyler’s curriculum model was defined by its author as a rational …
Otto Gross was a psychiatrist who took his first steps as a disciple of Sigmund Freud and contributed various theories to psychoanalysis. However, he had somewhat controversial ideas for the time, being considered an anarchist, which meant he was excluded from the Freudian school, as well as another set of problems for him. He had …
Robert Hooke is the scientist who invented the concept of “cell”, whose contributions throughout his scientific career have contributed to the development of biology and physics. Hooke also had a prolific career developed in other very different fields (watchmaking or chronometry, microscopy, astronomy, medicine, nautical and architecture), so he was nicknamed the English Leonardo da …
Of all the medical discoveries penicillin brought us in the 20th century, this is probably the most practical and the most important. Also the most anecdotal was discovered by pure chance, thanks to an accident caused by a distraction of a doctor and microbiologist named Alexander Fleming. Fleming and his penicillin are considered by many …
Niels Bohr was a Danish physicist who excelled in the field of atomic physics, with the creation of its atomic model and in Quantum Physics. He thus made new contributions to the first atomic silver model of Ernest Rutherford, adding that electrons were placed, in increasing numbers, in orbits around the nucleus. His studies and …
Carl Ritter was a German geographer, considered one of the main founders of modern geography along with Alexander von Humboldt. Thanks to them, geography was recognized as a science and it was taught as an academic subject in universities. For Ritter, geography has made it possible to know the interrelationships between living things and the …
While in the 1930s it was suspected that chromosomes harbored genes, the pieces of genetic material that code the way we are, this has not been empirically proven. Many had tried, but no one had found visual evidence for the chromosome-gene relationship. But Barbara McClintock arrived, and with her self-cultivated corn plants, she managed to …
Francis Crick was trained in various scientific fields, was a British physicist, molecular biologist and neuroscientist. He is known for his important contribution to molecular biology, and in the field of science in general, for the discovery and approach of the model of the double helix structure of the molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a …
Sophia Jex-Blake was a doctor and also taught female medicine. and be an active fighter for women’s rights. It was above all a matter of ensuring that women had access to studies in all universities, with the possibility of receiving the same training as men. This path was not easy and he had different opponents, …
Hypatia of Alexandria was an illustrious woman with extensive training in various fields such as mathematics, astronomy and philosophy, being documented as the first female mathematics and scientist in history. She worked as a teacher in a school in the city of Alexandria and devoted herself throughout her life to cultivating her intellect and curiosity …
Rosalind Franklin was a British chemist who trained and mastered the technique of X-ray crystallography. Structure of DNA and RNA. It is about the DNA molecule that he made one of his greatest discoveries, materialized by “photograph number 51”, which will be used for the subsequent formulation of Francis Crick’s model of double helix structure. …
James Dewey Watson and Francis Crick are two very important figures in the history of biology with their discovery of what DNA is. Thanks to their discoveries, they obtained the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine in 1962, but a third name was added: Maurice Wilkins. Wilkins was instrumental in the discovery of what DNA …
When it comes to evolutionism, most people think of the face of Charles Darwin and, to a lesser extent, that of Lamarck. Both are the most notable figures of the early days of evolutionism, but to be honest, they weren’t the precursors. Others have argued that species can change over time, either through environmental factors …
Dorothy Crowfoot was a British chemist known to have studied various three-dimensional biochemical structures using the technique of X-ray crystallography. Considering all the discoveries and contributions she made for most of her life, in 1964 she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, being the fifth woman and the first Briton to win this prize …
Although the twentieth century began with the widely held modern theory of Darwinian evolution, there was much doubt about how natural selection came about. The inheritance of traits was something very recent study and Mendel’s work was still very unknown to the scientific community. Genetics was emerging and one of its most famous scholars was …
Throughout the 19th century, surgeries were a gamble on life or death. Antisepsis was unknown and even despised, as many doctors felt that washing hands or cleaning surgical instruments was unnecessary, even offensive, and asked them to do so. Fortunately, that has changed, although it would not have been possible without the influence of great …
